How to Use the French Expression Être en Train de

The French expression à ªtre en train de (pronounced  eh tra(n) treh(n) deu)  means to be in the process of or to be doing. This little phrase when combined with an infinitive is the equivalent of the English  present progressive, which French lacks. Like Present Progressive Normally, one would use the simple present in French (je parle) to express both the English simple present (I speak) and the present progressive (I am speaking). When you want to insist on the ongoing, continuous nature of a current action in French, use the expression à ªtre en train de with an infinitive denoting the action. For example:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Je suis en train de parler.   I am (in the process of) speaking (right now). The French equivalent of the English past progressive (I was speaking) is the imperfect: je parlais. But if you need to stress the fact that the action was continuing, use à ªtre en train de.  For example:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Jà ©tais en train dà ©crire ma thà ¨se quand le tremblement de terre a frappà ©.   I was (in the middle of) writing my thesis when the earthquake struck. Synonyms The expression  Ãƒ ªtre en cours de has a similar meaning, but it is passive and usually followed by a noun: La maison est en cours damà ©nagement the house is being renovated. While the French present participle -ant cant be used to mean that one is doing something, it is equivalent to -ing in English when used as a noun or adjective. Expressions and Use Il est en train de manger. He's eating. se voir en train de faire quelque chose to picture someone doing something surprendre quelqu'un en train de fairequelque chose to catch someone doing something se voir en train de faire quelque chose to see someone doing something Il est en train de la draguer. He's trying to pick her up. L'eau est en train de chauffer. The kettle's on. / The water's heating. en train de faire quelque chose à ªtre en train de changer à ªtre en train de faire quelquechose in the act of doing somethingto be undergoing changeto be in the middle of doing something Additional Resources   Expressions with  Ãƒ ªtreExpressions with  enExpressions with  deMost common French phrases

The Role of Banks in Economic Recessions - 1644 Words

The role of banks in economic recessions 05.05.2009 In today’s wavering global economic context, the word `crisis` is omnipresent, taking the media by assault and infringing into the population’s daily life, although many countries haven’t even officially entered recession yet. Although recession is generally referred to as a negative Gross Domestic Product growth for a period of at least two consecutive quarters, other important economic change variables, such as current national unemployment rates, consumer confidence, capacity utilization, spending levels and business profits must be taken into account when defining a recession and its attributes. Therefore, recession can be†¦show more content†¦Apparently, central bankers and financial supervisors are to blame, too. Although official reports have constantly been giving warnings about excess global liquidity, urging central bankers to worry about asset bubbles even when consumer-price inflation w as low and banking supervisors to look beyond individual firms to the soundness of the financial system as a whole, they failed to act, allowing credit-driven excesses to expand rapidly. Therefore, central bankers are accused of failing to appreciate the scale of risks being built up in the â€Å"shadow† banking system that modern finance had created and of fuelling a credit bubble by keeping money too cheap for too long. But the criticisms are most often directed at the Federal Reserve, blamed for cutting the federal funds rate, which fuelled the housing bubble and aggravated the commodity-price surge. The interest-rate cuts in late 2007 and early 2008 may have been appropriate for a weak and financially stressed American economy. But they sent the dollar tumbling and left monetary conditions far too loose in many emerging markets that chose to link their currencies to the dollar and whose economies had long been growing beyond their sustainable pace. With all these complex problems coming along with the financial crisis, it seems that the â€Å"one tool, one target† approach which central bankers used to utilize in order toShow MoreRelatedThe Transition Of Central Bank1478 Words   |  6 PagesThe last five years have been peculiar for the global economy, with recession looming around. Consequently, the role of future monetary policymakers and the interpretation of the effects of the policies have become desperately critical. In order to restore the ailing financial markets, central banks have engaged in activities aimed at reducing the interest rates to zero and expanding the balance sheets. 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To Kill a Mocking Bird Analysis free essay sample

In the novel To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee emphasizes the theme of inequality and prejudice through metaphors, tone and characterization. My first piece of evidence to support the theme of prejudice in the town of Maycomb is when Aunt Alexandra was talking to scout about inviting Walter Cunningham (Jr. ) over for dinner and Scout is complaining why Aunt Alexandra wont let her play with him and she says, â€Å"I’ll tell you why†¦Because—he—is—trash, that’s why you cant play with him. † This is an example of a metaphor used to describe that Walter is â€Å"Worse than them† essentially. This supports the theme of inequality by showing that Aunt Alexandra doesn’t want Scout playing with Walter because she believes they are in some sort of higher â€Å"social class†. For my second piece of evidence I have another quote from Aunt Alexandra. This time she is speaking with Atticus about getting rid of Calpurnia because she is black. We will write a custom essay sample on To Kill a Mocking Bird Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The quote reads, â€Å"You’ve got to do something about her†¦You’ve let this go on too long, too long. † Aunt Alexandra is suggesting to Atticus that they get rid of Calpurnia. She wants her gone not just because she takes the kids places but because she’s black and this shows her prejudice. This is an example of tone used by the author to make that part of the story feel darker and show how strongly prejudice Aunt Alexandra is. My final piece of evidence is a quote by Tom Robinson himself and it reads, â€Å"Yes, suh. I felt right sorry for her, she seemed to try more’n the rest of ‘em-â€Å" This is during the case when he is being questioned by Mr. Gilmer the prosecutor. This is an example of characterization used by Lee to show that Tom is just a normal caring person who was just trying to help Mayella. This is and extreme example of inequality in Maycomb because even though Tom is a nice person everyone in Maycomb treats him horribly. He is called guilty not because he actually did it but because he is black. The book To Kill a Mockingbird is not just a good book it is a lesson to show how it is wrong to be prejudice towards others. How Aunt Alexandra acted towards Walter and Calpurnia shows that the presence of inquality is big in Maycomb and it’s not going anywhere. Tom Robinson’s case was another large example of this because though it was an air tight case somehow he was found guilty. In the novel To Kill a Mockingbird Lee emphasizes the theme of inequality and prejudice through metaphors, tone and characterization.

Influence of Rap free essay sample

When I was thinking about the topics given to us in class, I thought rap music would be an interesting topic to pursue. Also I wanted to have a topic that would be easy to research, and if I were to interview others, I could get a lot Of feedback. At first I wanted to talk about rap music only and how it affects teens, but during my research, I found that rap music also affects our society as well. The article Does Rap Put Teens at Risk? by Side Cheerier mostly talks about the young teen s behavior changes when they spend more time watching sex and violence in rap music videos.It also talks about black girls between the age 14 to 18 from non-urban lower socioeconomic neighborhoods who view these videos at least 14 hrs per week, they were far more likely to practice destructive behavior. As I observe todays teenagers, it is true that the first thing they will do when they get into their cars is to turn on the radio. We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of Rap or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They flip through the channels, hoping to find that latest hit that all the stations are playing. We all know in almost any generation, the behavior and beliefs of the majority of pre-teens and teens can be differentiated with those of the popular music artists of that time.In fact, some parents would compare themselves with their children and could see a huge different especially in behavior. Rap music has not only affected young teens, but it has also affected our surrounding and our society. Gangster rap is one of the current problems of society. In the article Rap music promotes violence by Alison Langley, a South Carolina Detective Ernest Chesterton said that, A recent study of rap videos revealed 75 percent contain sexually suggestive images that demoralize women and 57 percent glorify violence. Most of the kids who listen to rap music have no lull whatsoever about what that song means. Despite its entertainment value, I think gangs rap misleads our teens by showing them that violence and aggressiveness is acceptable behavior; and unless government officials decide to make a change, gangster rap will continue to influence the behavior of young teens for the worst. Almost every teenager has that song memorized, or it could be one of their favorite songs. I really think that parents should really get involved with the music their children listen and to make sure that whatever kids are doing is appropriate.It is parents duty to now what their children doing they are the one who can tell their kids why not to listen to some particular music and how it is not worth listen to. Parents are becoming concerned about the potentially misleading content of violent themes and lyrics in gangster rap. This brings me to the next discussion on language and lyrics that these artist use in th eir songs. Throughout the past years, rap and all other types of music, artist use their music to express their views, opinions and feelings in their songs.From their lyrics, teens will have a little understanding towards hat the artists see and feel about the society. As rap music developed and more artists started bringing their own styles to the rap community, more messages are expressed to the public. Rap artists in their first couple albums told the story of their lives and how hard it was for them before the fame and glory they live today. I think some people can thrive on that, and, in turn, it will motivate them to do something for the greater good because they can relate to the experiences and the hard times rap artists have gone through.But now most of the songs include violence, sex and words that are not advisable for teens who are listing. For example, the article, Your children are rap victims by James Delivering mostly talks about Amine who is the biggest rap star ever. Delivering points out that how Amine in his Kill You song suggests to the young teens that are his fans about taking drugs, raping sluts, taking weed and pills, killing people and dropping out of school.One reason why rap impacts kids so much is that some rappers rap about sex and drugs in almost every song or lyrics or albums, and kids or young teens who look up to these rappers, think if its okay for those famous people to do it, hen the teens can start to use illegal things and to go against the law. But do those famous artists care about these young minds? I dont think so. All they care about is their fame, career and money. Its their job. Its their living. Thats how they survive. After discussion about this topic, musicians and the music producers seem to blame each other for the cursing and abusive lyrics contained in their music. Dont believe that most of the young teens look up to these rappers, which bring me to the most important topic rappers as role models. Today in society it seems that one can tell a persons taste in music y the way that person dresses or acts. Every time see a person with baggy pants, diamond jewelry, with cap on or huge t-shirts, I think that this person is really influenced by rap music. We see people express themselves the way artist or rappers are expressing themselves.Some kids, who like rap music talk like rappers, dress like rappers, almost does everything like rappers. In article Rap music promotes violence, Chesterton says, In the sass and ass, Ice- T was responsible for a slew of armed robberies at jewelry stores in California. He was also an entrepreneur of pharmaceutical sales. He was a rug dealer. Rappers like Ice-T set an example for our children to go and steel and sell drugs. I dont understand why rappers cant rap about how to get SUCCeSS in life, how to achieve goals and encourage kids to Stay in school instead of dropping out of school.I think teens should listen to Will Smiths songs; his songs are mostly about love, progress and encouragement. He has shown himself to be one of the few true role models for the youth that buy rap music. Although all rap music is not the same and although there exists rap music with a consciousness, the effects of rap music on the development of hillier and society does seem to affect the behavior of children exposed to the lyrics glorifying the use of drugs, alcohol, violence, disrespect for authority and other negative influences and factors. Influence of Rap free essay sample Music Today, Rap has become the most popular type of music In the US. Many people listen to music while they drive their cars, are at work, do housework, and study, etc. Music as we know it today is the voice of a generation. It gives us entertainment, and speaks out for a community of people in many ways. Most people listen to at least some sort of music, and serve a purpose. Just about any expression can be shared through music. Rap is one type of fastest growing music in the United States. Rap music comes from the streets using street slang Incorporated In the music.When I was thinking about the topics given to us In class, I thought rap music would be an interesting topic to pursue. Also I wanted to have a topic that would be easy to research, and If I were to interview others, I could get a lot of feedback. We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of Rap or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page At first I wanted to talk about rap music only and how it affects teens, but during my research, I found that rap music also affects our society as well. The article Does Rap Put Teens at Risk? by Side Crotchetier mostly talks about the young tens behavior changes when they spend more time watching sex and violence In rap music videos.It also talks about black girls between the age 14 to 18 from non-urban lower socioeconomic neighborhoods who view these videos at least 14 hrs per week, they were far more likely to practice destructive behavior. As I observe todays teenagers, it is true that the first thing they will do when they get into their cars is to turn on the radio. They flip through the channels, hoping to find that latest hit that all the stations are playing. We all know In almost any generation, the behavior and beliefs of the majority of pre-teens and teens can be differentiated with those of the popular sic artists of that time.In fact, some parents would compare themselves with their children and could see a huge different especially in behavior. Rap music has not only affected young teens, but it has also affected our surrounding and our society. Gangster rap is one of the current problems of society. In the article Rap music promotes violence by Alison Langley, a South Carolina Detective Ernest Chesterton said that, A recent study of rap videos revealed 75 percent contain sexually suggestive Images that demoralize women and 57 percent glorify violence. Most of he kids who listen to rap music have no clue whatsoever about what that song means. Despite its entertainment value, I think gangs rap misleads our teens by showing them that violence and aggressiveness is acceptable behavior; and unless government officials decide to make a change, gangster rap will continue to influence the behavior of young teens for the worst. Almost every teenager has that song memorized, or It could be one of their favorite songs. I really think that parents should really get involved with the music their children listen and to make sure that whatever kids are doing is appropriate.It is parents duty to know what their children doing they are the one who can tell their kids why not to listen to some particular music and how it is not worth listen to. Parents are becoming concerned about the potentially misleading content of violent themes and lyrics in gangster rap. This brings me to the next discussion on language and lyrics that these artist use their music to express their views, opinions and feelings in their songs. From their lyrics, teens will have a little understanding towards what the artists see and feel bout the society.As rap music developed and more artists started bringing their own styles to the rap community, more messages are expressed to the public. Rap artists in their first couple albums told the story of their lives and how hard it was for them before the fame and glory they live today. I think some people can thrive on that, and, in turn, it will motivate them to do something for the greater good because they can relate to the experiences and the hard times rap artists have gone through. But now most of the songs include violence, sex and words that are not advisable for mens who are listing. For example, the article, Your children are rap victims by James Deludingly mostly talks about Mine who is the biggest rap star ever. Deludingly points out that how Mine in his Kill You song suggests to the young teens that are his fans about taking drugs, raping sluts, taking weed and pills, killing people and dropping out of school. One reason why rap impacts kids so much is that some rappers rap about sex and drugs in almost every song or lyrics or albums, and kids or young teens who look up to these rappers, think if its okay for those famous people to do it, then the teens can start to use illegal things and to go against the law.But do those famous artists care about these young minds? I dont think so. All they care about is their fame, career and money. Its their Job. Its their living. Thats how they survive. After discussion about this topic, musicians and the music producers seem to blame each other for the cursing and abusive lyrics contained in their music. I dont believe that most of the young teens look up to these rappers, which bring me to the most important topic rappers as role models. Today in society t seems that one can tell a persons taste in music by the way that person dresses or acts.Every time I see a person with baggy pants, diamond Jewelry, with cap on or huge t-shirts, I think that this person is really influenced by rap music. We see people express themselves the way artist or rappers are expressing themselves. Some kids, who like rap music talk like rappers, dress like rappers, almost does everything like rappers. In article Rap music promotes violence, Chesterton says, In the sass and ass, Ice- T was responsible for a slew of armed robberies at Jewelry stores in California.He was also an entrepreneur of pharmaceutical sales. He was a drug dealer. Rappers like Ice-T set an example for our children to go and steel and sell drugs. I dont understand why rappers cant rap about how to get success in life, how to achieve goals and encourage kids to stay in school instead of dropping out of school. I think teens should listen to Will Smiths songs; his songs are mostly about love, progress and encouragement. He has shown himself to be one of the few true role models for the youth that buy rap music.